What is the lining of the uterus called?

The lining of the uterus is called the endometrium. This inner layer plays a crucial role in the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. It thickens in response to hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle, providing a nurturing environment for a fertilized egg. If implantation does not occur, the endometrium is shed during menstruation. Understanding the function of the endometrium is important in various contexts, such as fertility, gynecological health, and related medical conditions.

The other options refer to different parts of the uterus. The myometrium is the muscular middle layer responsible for contractions during childbirth. The cervix is the lower part of the uterus that opens into the vagina, serving as a passageway for menstrual fluid and childbirth. The perimetrium is the outer layer that helps protect the uterus. Each of these structures has distinct functions, but the endometrium is specifically recognized as the lining essential for the uterine environment.